Yes, beaches with their swaying palm trees give the southern states of India their allure. But think of the peninsular, and exquisite temples and buildings of historical importance also come to mind. This is why this World Heritage Day we list the major heritage sites from across the southern states. These structures can give you insights into the dynasties that built them, and their respective architectural styles.
Hampi, Karnataka
Welcome to the world’s largest open-air museum! Spread out over 29 sq km, the former capital of the Vijayanagara empire was founded by Harihara and Bukka in 1336. The ruins are a testament to a more fortuitous time. These were erected across two areas, namely the Royal Centre and Sacred Centre. The former boasts palaces, baths, stables and markets while the latter is built around Virupaksha temple, aside the banks of the Tungabhadra river.
You can rent a cycle to make your way around this UNSECO World Heritage site. The winter and monsoon are the best times to visit. The nearest airport is at Vidyanagra (35 km), with a few flights, and the most convenient railhead is at Hosapete (14 km).
Also read: Offbeat Buddhist heritage sites to add to your travel plans
Mahabalipuram, Tamil Nadu
The port town of Mahabalipuram, or Mamalapuram, came into its own between the 4th and 9th centuries during the rule of the Pallava dynasty. The temples built here during this era are known to be among the finest specimens of Dravidian-style architecture. This means that intricate carvings made on uncut rocks give these temples, and the UNESCO World Heritage site, its appeal.
One of the finest examples of this style is the Shore temple at Mahabalipuram, that’s carved from blocks of granite. Such temples are a draw not only for the religious but also for those who want a dose of history. Add to this the site’s proximity to picturesque beaches, and no wonder it’s one of south India’s most visited historical sites!
Mahabalipuram is well-connected to Chennai, 57 km away, by road.
Brihadisvara temple, Tamil Nadu
It is counted as one of India’s largest temples, and yet another specimen of Dravidian Chola architecture. Also known as Peruvudaiyar Kovil, this intricately carved wonder stands in Tamil Nadu’s Thanjavur. It was built in 1010 AD by Rajaraja Chola I and is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage site.
A massive statue of Nandi the bull, measuring 13 feet in height and 16 feet in width, is a big draw at this temple. The main temple tower, at 216 feet in height, is the tallest in the world. The inscriptions on this Shiva temple’s walls narrate the tale of the rise and fall of the city’s fortunes.
Thanjavur has its own railway terminal and bus stand. If you’re flying, the closest airport is the Tiruchirapalli international airport, 61 km away.
Also read: 5 offbeat Himalayan heritage sites to tick off your bucket list
Thalassery Fort, Kerala
Located a mere 22 kms from Kannur district of Kerala, the Thalassery fort is an impressive specimen of colonial architecture that was built by the East India Company in 1683. Once among the most important European trading centres of Kerala, a mixture of jaggery, egg whites and quick lime was used to erect it.
A maze of tunnels that lead to the sea gives this fort an air of intrigue. A few underground chambers were even used as prisons. The fort, with its thick walls and rolling grounds, also frames views of the Arabian sea. Consider hiring a guide when visiting to get a sense of the fort’s rich history, and the role it played in making the region around more than a trading stop-over.
Kannur international airport, 26 km away, is the nearest airport while the town of Thallassery has its own bus stand and railway station.
Tirumala Venkateswara temple, Andhra Pradesh
Built by a Thondaman king in 300 CE, this temple is also popularly known as the Tirupati Balaji temple. It stands on the Tirumala hills, which are a part of the Seshachalam formation with seven peaks. It is considered one of the wealthiest temples in the world, with more than 60,000 people visiting it on a daily basis.
While it was reformed by the Cholas, the Pandayas and the Vijayanagara rulers later on, it showcases south Indian architecture, including modern queue buildings, a complex for prasadam (holy food offerings) and lodging sites for pilgrims.
The town of Tirupati, where it’s located, has its own railway station while airports at Chennai, Hyderabad and Bengaluru are well connected by road.
Also read: These are doorways to culture
The lead image on top frames a view of a shrine at Mahabalipuram in Tamil Nadu. (Photo courtesy www.tamilnadutorism.tn.gov.in)
