World Overshoot Day marks the date when our demand for ecological resources in a year exceeds what Earth can regenerate in that year. It falls on August 2 this time, reminding us of the gravity of the situation, the challenges ahead and the conservation efforts underway to tackle them.
Several Indian regions are being severely impacted by climate change. Displacement due to widespread flooding has been a major cause of concern in Assam in the recent past.
Meanwhile, in Rongpo, West Bengal, a different yet equally pressing environmental crisis has unfolded. The burning of the waste and agricultural residue has resulted in deplorable air quality, with accusing fingers being pointing towards Bhutan for releasing harmful pollutants that infiltrate the very air that Rongpo’s residents breathe.
The Kharia tribe in Odisha, once deeply connected with the forest, is also facing malnutrition and health issues since they were relocated to the outskirts of Similipal National Park. This has limited their access to essential resources.
Wildlife in peril
The unfolding crises are also adversely impacting wildlife. Unsustainable fishing practices, habitat destruction and overharvesting for medicinal use has jeopardised the survival of the living fossil, horseshoe crab.
The critically endangered great Indian bustard (GIB) population is also facing significant threats, including collisions with high-tension wires, habitat loss and predation of their eggs. With only about 100 GIBs remaining, urgent conservation efforts are needed to protect this magnificent bird.
Working for a cause
Many organisations have united in a concerted effort to safeguard nature. For instance, the Satpuda Foundation concentrates its endeavours on wildlife conservation, specifically within seven vital tiger reserves. The Wildlife Trust of India focuses on rescue, rehabilitation and habitat protection for displaced wild animals and promotes partnerships for successful conservation.
Wildlife biologist Sumit Dookia emphasises that human activities pose critical challenges to large animals worldwide. He advocates fostering collaborative efforts to secure habitats, address threats and facilitate the recovery of species populations.
Tales of triumph in rural India
In Odisha’s Nayagarh district, women have established jungle huts as resource hubs to protect forests and preserve their forest rights. These huts serve as meeting places to plan conservation strategies and discuss forest-related issues.
In Rajasthan, over 75 hectares of land, previously mined illegally in the Aravalli hills, is being restored through reforestation efforts. Native tree species have been planted, attracting wildlife and showcasing positive results in habitat restoration, bringing the Aravallis back to life. Moreover, a Tree Growers Cooperative Society has revived 100 acres of land through soil conservation and reforestation efforts to revive dhok trees in Rajasthan. This collective action has led to the return of threatened species like vultures.
Conservation efforts in Kashmir, including shifting a sheep breeding farm, providing additional fodder, and establishing a breeding centre, have offered hope for the critically endangered state animal — hangul.
Earth Overshoot Day reminds us that we need collaborative action for conservation, sustainability and protecting the planet’s treasures for future generations. It’s a moment to pay attention to current environmental issues and strengthen initiatives to fight climate change, preserve species and rebuild habitats.
The lead image at the top shows the deadly smoke coming out from Pasakha industrial town in Bhutan is polluting the air in West Bengal (Photo by Gurvinder Singh)
